Form-Based Code, Part 3: The Building Standards
In part 2, we presented how a Form-Based code addresses the design needs of public elements such as streets and open spaces. Salt Lake City has done a good job at creating a diverse menu of Street Typology designs from which the community can discuss the possibilities for addressing their mobility needs. This month, we will discuss the manner by which a Form-Based code guides private development in harmony with the public realm previously discussed.
The goal is to coordinate the evolving form (size, shape, and position) of every building in the community based on its location within its assigned transect zone as defined in the regulating plan discussed in the first part of our series.
Size: The massing of buildings needs to allow for variability in order to accommodate different uses, from larger buildings nesting closer to larger public streets or parks, while smaller buildings complement the area lining private courts, small squares, or other low traffic public facilities.
Shape: the character of a community is largely produced by the massing of private buildings visible from the public realm. This is why a style of building material is necessary to enhance a location’s sense of place. Within this particular style a large variety of personalization can be achieved without disturbing the character of a location.
Position: It is important to consider the position of buildings to maximize their value in relation to the context of the community’s goals. The largest buildings will become central locations and should be reserved for a structure of some significant character value. These buildings will also be casting a shadow onto neighboring properties which can detract from their ability to harvest solar energy in the coldest months of the winter or provide shade in the hottest parts of the summer.
Source: Form-Based Codes Institute
It is important to restate that the superiority of the Form-based code emerges from its inclusive process. According to the Form-Based Code Institute, the intent of a form-based code is to provide the means to equity in a compassionate city. To that end, its implementation must rely on “residents’ priorities, expertise, concerns, and aspirations; inviting existing residents - regardless of who they are,'' to piece together the parts that will shape the physical aspects of their community. Sweet Streets believes Form-Based code to be the best method for accomplishing our goals of building a society and economy that is more connected, equitable and sustainable.
